China is Mongolia’s largest trading partner, largest export destination and largest import source.

In today’s interconnected world, the transportation of goods between countries has witnessed remarkable growth. Among the bustling trade routes, the corridor from China to Mongolia stands out as a prominent pathway for shipping activities.

Import into Mongolia

Under the Customs Law of Mongolia, the importation of goods into Mongolia is not subject to restrictions, except for import licensing which applies to few products. Importers must register with the tax authorities; registration with the General Authority State Registration /GASR/ is also required for the purposes of customs clearance.

Customs duty means an amount of tax levied on, collected from or paid for goods entering or leaving Mongolia. The customs duties have the following types:

• Ad valorem;
• Specific;
• Combination of the two above;
• Any of the first two above which entails higher amount of duty.

Most of the imported goods in Mongolia are subject to 5% ad valorem customs duty while some others are subject to seasonal duties.

Certain goods for export are subject to specific customs duties. Any person (physical or legal) engaged in foreign trade is liable to pay customs duties as well as some other taxes and fees upon importation or exportation of goods.

In order to facilitate the trade process “one-stop” services are provided at the major customs points of the country. These services are intended to make it possible to complete all the necessary customs documentation and clearance procedures in a single location.

Customs clearance has the following steps:

1. Declaring goods
2. Inspection of customs documents
3. Inspection of the goods and means of transport
4. Levying customs duties and other taxes and payments thereto
5. Granting permission and releasing goods to cross customs border

Road Freight from China to Mongolia

Truck transport offers businesses unmatched flexibility, faster transit times, and cost-effective transportation. With direct point-to-point delivery, it reaches even remote locations. It provides door-to-door service, accommodating various cargo types, and enables real-time tracking.

The perfect choice for shorter distances or smaller shipments, road freight ensures efficient logistics and timely deliveries, meeting customer demands effectively.

There are more than 4,700 kilometers of border and 14 pairs of land ports between China and Mongolia.

47% of Mongolia’s imported goods transported by road are imported through the Gashunsuhaitu-Ganqimaodu Port on the China-Mongolia border, 41% are imported through the Zamyn-Uud-Eren highway port, and 5% are imported through the Altanbulag Port on the Russian-Mongolian border.

Rail Freight from China to Mongolia

The existing railways in Mongolia all use Russian standard 1520mm wide-gauge tracks, which cannot be directly connected to China’s 1435mm standard-gauge railways and require carriage replacement.

At present, Erenhot Port is the only railway port in China leading to Mongolia. It goes north through Zamyn-Uud in Mongolia to Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, Choibalsan, etc.

Mongolia and China will cooperate in building second cross-border railway in years.

Air Freight from China to Mongolia

Air freight is the fastest transportation method for urgent or high-value goods shipping to Mongolia from China. Despite its speed, air freight can be more expensive than other transportation methods.

Air freight shipping costs depend on the departure city, destination airport, and the weight and volume of the shipment.

Located in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar, Chinggis Khaan International Airport is the largest airport in Mongolia.

Major airlines in Mongolia include Mongolian Airlines (МIАТ), Air Mongolia, Hunnu Air, etc. They currently operate domestic routes from the capital city of Ulaanbaatar to provincial capitals and major cities such as Erdenet, Choibalsan, Oyu Tolgoi, and Khovd, and international routes from Ulaanbaatar to Beijing, Hohhot, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, and Russia.

Air transit time from China to Mongolia are much faster, usually taking between 2-3 business days. However, these times may vary depending on seasonal demands and traffic in the freight market.

Working with CFC

Are you looking for a logistics service provider for transport to Mongolia from China? CFC is a forwarding company that can be of excellent service to you. We work closely together with our Mongolian partners who take care of the local handling. If you have any other questions regarding transport to Mongolia, do not hesitate to contact us, for almost every “transport problem” we have a suitable solution for you.

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